Management of Metastatic Carcinoma*
T. S. Ravikumar, MD
Metastatic liver tumors are a spectrum of disease categories: many histologic types
of primary cancers as well as varying numbers of tumors at diagnosis. It is no surprise
that the treatment of liver metastasis comprises a large spectrum of options. The
surgeon plays a significant role in the management of liver metastasis wherein the
liver remains the only site of failure or the dominant site of disease until the
time of death. Metastasis from colorectal cancer and neuroendocrine tumors of the
gastrointestinal tract form the two important histologic types where the liver-directed
approach has been demonstrated to be useful. Among the regional approaches discussed
here are: resection, hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy and in situ tumor ablation
techniques.
Despite the paucity of Level 1 evidence (ie, a lack of multiple randomized prospective
trials with consistent data), the data from prospective/retrospective analysis from
multiple centers demonstrate that hepatic resection in patients with a limited number
of metastases from colorectal cancer and select other primary sites, results in long-term
survival in most, and cure in many patients. Adjunctive chemotherapy may improve
the long-term cure of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer post hepatic resection.
Ablative techniques such as Cryosurgery and RFA are useful in the surgeonís repertoire
for palliation and potential cure of liver tumors, which are respectable for curative
intent. Prospective trials are needed to validate the role of ablative strategies
as well as to find optimal combinations of resection, ablation, HAI and systemic
therapy. Improved patient selection and tumor discrimination by high quality imaging
modalities such as 18FDG PET may further improve outcome. The presence of infected
central necrosis was the main indicator that a patient would require eventual pancreatic
surgery. Central necrosis was present in 41% of patients and only 29% of these were
cured with PD. The remaining patients required pancreatic surgery. |
Abstracts
"Dome
Down" Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Glenn L. Sandler, MD
Endoscopic
Drainage of Pancreatic Pseudocyst
Gary C. Vitale, MD
Thoracoscopic
Splanchnicectomy for Pancreatic Pain
Henry L. Laws, MD
CT
Guided Percutaneous Drainage of Infected Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis
Patrick C. Freeny, MD
Management
of Metastatic Carcinoma
T. S. Ravikumar, MD
Management
of Liver Trauma
Juan C. Asensio, MD
Management
of Benign Liver Tumors
Leslie H. Blumgart, MD, FRCS
Role
and Techniques of "Dome-Down" Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Glenn L. Sandler, MD
Thoracoscopic
Splanchnicectomy for Pancreatic Pain
Henry L. Laws, MD
Current
ConceptsæAdequate Pain Management
Young K. Choi, MD
Prevention
and Management of Infection Complicating Acute Pancreatitis
Henry L. Laws, MD
Indication
for and Timing of ERCP in Biliary Pancreatitis
John Baillie, MB, ChB, FRCP
Timing
of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy After Biliary Pancreatitis
Gary C. Vitale
Magnetic
Resonance Angiography
Martin R. Prince, MD, PhD
Pancreatic
Imaging
Patrick C. Freeny, MD
Endoscopic
Ultrasonography
Charles Noyer, MD
Limited
Gastric Resection
Jo Buyske, MD
Current
ConceptsæManagement of Pancreatic Carcinoma
Henry A. Pitt, MD
Watchful
Waiting in the Management of Inguinal Hernia
Robert J. Fitzgibbons, MD
Treatment
of Incisional (Ventral) Hernias: Open Repair
Maximo Deysine, MD, FACP
Treatment
of Incisional (Ventral) Hernias: Laparoscopic Repair
Adrian E. Park, MD
Indications
for Converting to Open Operation
John G. Hunter, MD
Medicolegal
Implications of Common Bile Duct Injury During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Kenneth A. Kern, MD, FACS
Role
and Technique of Pylorus Preserving Pacreatectomy
Henry A. Pitt, MD |
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